Heat Exchanger Tubes are used in a wide variety of industrial liquid to liquid and gas to gas applications. They are often chosen for their strength, corrosion resistance and high thermal conductivity. The tubes are usually made of metals such as carbon steel, stainless steel or nickel alloys or non-ferrous copper alloys. Other materials such as Hastelloy and Inconel are also used for specific applications requiring high temperatures or resistance to chemical abrasion. The size of the tube is chosen based on the flow rate, inlet and outlet temperature and pressure levels, as well as physical properties of the substances being processed. This information is used by the manufacturer to engineer a shell and tube heat exchanger to meet the application requirements.

Inconel 625 Pipe: A Versatile Alloy for High-Temperature and Corrosive Environments

During operation, the heat transfer tubes experience many stresses and vibrations. This can cause cracks or a loss of pressure between the shell- and tube side. To prevent these risks, baffles are installed on the shell-side of the heat transfer tubes. These help enhance the fluid velocity, force it to cross the tubes according to a specified path and improve the heat transfer efficiency. They also help to reduce the formation of unwanted material on the heat transfer surfaces and the subsequent fouling.

Another way to increase the efficiency of a shell and tube heat exchanger is by using a floating head design. This is where the tube sheet at the rear header end (tube side fluid inlet) is not welded to the shell but allowed to float. This allows for thermal expansion and also makes it easier to dismantle the heat exchanger and inspect the tubes and the inside of the shell.

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The Chevrolet Equinox EV is a comfortable, spacious small electric SUV with good looks and enough range for many commutes. It costs less than most competitors and still qualifies for a $7,500 federal tax credit. That, combined with GM’s aggressive sales push, makes the Equinox EV a strong contender in its segment.

2025 Equinox EV performance has ditched the 2LT and 3LT trim levels in favor of a simpler duo of LT and RS models with optional packages. Fully equipped, a base LT can run north of $46,000. Adding the Convenience package adds a power driver’s seat, heated front seats and a 360-degree camera, among other niceties.

The exterior design is slick and contemporary, and features a sculpted brow line where the hood meets the rest of the car’s body. It’s complemented by a slim LED light bar that creates a unique mustache shape, as well as crisp body creases and flush door handles. A pair of elongated A-pillars contribute to the wide stance.

2025 Equinox EV Review: Is This Chevy’s Best Electric SUV Yet?

Cargo room is ample, and the rear seats fold flat to expand it further. A power liftgate is available as an option, and a hands-free trunk opens with the press of a button. Adaptive cruise control is standard and does a great job of maintaining speed and anticipating needing to brake on the highway. Super Cruise hands-free driving is also available.

Inside, a massive 17-inch infotainment display is a real standout feature, and the Equinox EV’s interior is comfortable and quiet. However, GM’s hubris in spurning Apple CarPlay and Android Auto is hard to overlook.…

The sheer size and weight of commercial trucks make them exceptionally dangerous vehicles to share the road with. When truck accidents occur, they can cause catastrophic injury and even death.

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations and state laws regulate a wide range of activities for both truckers and trucking companies. An experienced Portland truck accident lawyer understands these rules and can help victims recover fair compensation for their injuries from negligent truckers and trucking companies.

Common Types of Injuries in Truck Accidents

Legal help for truck accidents in Portland can have a devastating impact on the life of a victim, leading to long-term physical and mental disabilities. Victims may require surgery, lengthy rehabilitation, and significant changes to their lifestyle and employment. A Portland truck accident attorney can ensure victims receive the full financial damages they are entitled to for their medical expenses, lost wages, and other financial costs.

The most frequent causes of devastating truck accidents in Oregon include truck driver error and company negligence. Truck drivers who take their eyes off the road, text and drive, eat behind the wheel, speed, tailgate, or break traffic laws put everyone else on the roads at risk of injury or death. A Portland truck accident lawyer can assist in determining the proximate cause of a crash by collecting and analyzing a variety of evidence, including electronic control modules (ECMs)—similar to an airplane’s black box—and cell phone records. The more time passes since a truck crash, the greater the chance that critical evidence will be overwritten, so victims should contact an experienced lawyer immediately.

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When it comes to buying a laptop, size can make a big difference. Choosing the right one can mean the difference between getting a good grade on an assignment and struggling to finish it under a deadline, or having enough power for your favorite apps and games. There are lots of options to choose from, from thin 13-inch machines that are perfect for travel and using at coffee shops, to larger 16-inch laptops with extra power for aspiring content creators. 14-inch laptops offer the best balance between portability and screen real estate.

14 Inch Laptop for Students and Professionals: Work & Study Ready

14 Inch Laptop for Students and Professionals, we’ve tested a wide variety of Windows machines, MacBooks, 2-in-1s, and Chromebooks to find the best 14-inch laptops for all kinds of learning goals. These include a top pick for student productivity with the Microsoft Surface Laptop 7th Edition, a sleek and powerful gaming machine with the Razer Blade 14, or an affordable option like the Acer Swift Go 14 with new AI capabilities without breaking the bank.

For those seeking a premium experience, we love the HP Spectre x360 14 with an impressive display and an ergonomic keyboard. It’s not as slim as some other laptops, but it feels sturdily built and has a great selection of ports for peripherals and external displays. Meanwhile, the Dell Latitude 9440 offers reliable business features in a durable and sleek design, with a long battery life and an Intel i5 processor for fast multitasking and processing power.…

Order Indica Cannabis Online

Order Indica Cannabis Online strains are well-known for their body-melting effects. High-THC indicas such as Gorilla Glue deliver a relaxing, full-body high that soothes the mind and melts away tension. Indicas are also a great way to treat chronic pain and insomnia. Indicas also stimulate the appetite, so they’re ideal for anyone with an eating disorder.

People looking to purchase Indicas should always talk to their doctor before self-medicating. But once you’ve got a prescription, ordering indicas from an online dispensary is a safe and convenient option. You’ll have more options, better prices, and less competition from local stores.

Premium Heisenberg Extractions: A Must-Try for Cannabis Enthusiasts

Another perk of buying your marijuana online is that you can get discreet deliveries. Buying indicas from a trustworthy online weed shop can keep you from worrying about your purchase showing up at work or your home. Indicas are ideal for a calm, low-key experience at home, especially when you’re suffering from sleeplessness.

Indicas are widely believed to have originated in the mountainous regions of South Asia, where popular landrace indicas like Hindu Kush and Afghani originate. Typically, these indica strains have shorter flowering periods than Sativa strains and produce large, broad leaves that are dark green in color. They’re a great choice for growers because they’re easier to maintain and are less susceptible to bud rot and mold. They’re also more tolerant to cold climates.…